Playing Catch-Up

Ach, I've been so out of touch lately. It's been a whirlwind since the beginning of the holiday season, and I've been struggling to keep up.

New Year's Eve, I found myself hanging out at my buddy Kim's house. It was around 1:00 PM, and she was telling me how one of the couples in her last class (which I attended) was in labor, and called her very early that morning to talk through some stuff. In the middle of our gossip session, my phone rang - to my surprise, it was the daddy of the couple we were discussing! Our conversation went something like this:

Dad: Well, we're in labor, and have been for a long time...
Me: How are things going?
Dad: Honestly, I'm not sure... I mean, we've been here since Wednesday, and [Mom] is having a hard time managing her pain."
Me: How are YOU holding up?
Dad: I'm exhausted. All of us are.
Me: Do you need some help?
Dad: [big sigh of relief] I would be grateful for anything you could offer us.
Me: I've gotta run home and get my bag, but give me 20 minutes and I'll be there. What's your room number?

(Mom told me later after the birth, "That was the shortest phone conversation I'd ever heard.")

When I got there everyone looked deflated, and the room was in chaos, stuff was everywhere. How could anyone be comfortable laboring in this environment? I thought to myself. While I helped clean up, I explained that we had a plane to catch to go to my cousin's wedding in another state, and I would stay as long as I could, but I might not be able to be there for the birth. They said it was okay, and any help was better than none!

I immediately started the work of assessing the situation; mom, dad and baby's grandmother filled me in on what I'd missed. At 41 weeks and 2 days, mom went to an appointment with her OB and never got to go home. She was admitted for oligohydramnios (based on an AFI of 4.5), induced with Cervidil (which was removed after she reached 4 cm), membranes released (SROM) at around 5:30 AM that day, and she'd been laboring for around 24 hours without any other medical interventions. The Cervidil induction was painful and frightening, and mom was happy to have it removed - but since that time, her contraction patterns were sketchy, and her tone and demeanor were like that of a woman condemned to Sisyphus' fate. "I feel like it's never going to end," she confessed.

I got mom out of the bed; dad fell into it and immediately went to sleep. Baby's grandmother went out, brought back food for the family, and went home to get some rest.

After some dinner, mom seemed to be getting her energy back, so I started to pep talk her, during which we changed positions, tracked contractions together, and focused on approaching labor one rush at a time. I knew she was still in early labor because she was able to talk easily between her contractions. Every time a contraction was nearing or had ended, she would affirm, "Contractions are good..." And I would reply, "Contractions make a baby come out," or, "Contractions go away and then we can rest." As we talked, it became clear that the intensity of her pain was due to her fear of that pain, and her feelings of inadequacy about herself as a laboring mother.

When dad woke, he was amazed by the change that had come over his wife. "You're a new woman," he said, and hugged and kissed her.

The hospital experience was a mixed bag; while the majority of the attending staff was supportive of their decisions (to varying degrees of approval and disapproving forbearance, though mostly the former), interruptions easily knocked mom out of her labor, and slowed her contractions. At one point, during a heavy discussion with the attending OB, her solid 1:00-1:30-minute / every 3 minutes contractions stopped altogether for 20 minutes. An encouraging nurse recommended that we try nipple stimulation, which helped get her back into the groove of labor, but mom would stop doing stimulation cycles (2 minutes on, 2 minutes rest with a contraction in between) and labor would slow again. Dad mustered himself long enough to convince the attending OB to get her off of continuous EFM, which he felt was interfering with her ability to relax and wasn't proving helpful (baby had a textbook perfect heart rate for the entire labor). After his confrontation with the doctor, his physical exhaustion and emotional stress got the better of him, and he was a little shaky. But the pay off was time in the tub, free from monitoring.

16 hours later, it was time for me to go. I felt terrible about it, but they were very understanding. Before I left, mom decided to try a small dose pain medication, but it was largely ineffective, so she asked to be prepped for an epidural. (For the second time, I missed a potential opportunity to witness an epidural being placed! Drat.) Even though this family was seeking an unmedicated birth, after 32 hours of labor, mom was just too tired to manage labor sensations anymore.

Baby's grandmother arrived a little while after I had to go, and 12 hours later, mom birthed her baby - vaginally!! Interestingly, they set her up with an push button epidural; she was able to chose when to have the next dose of the medicine, and she hit the button only once after the initial dose. She later told me that the rest she got during the first dose helped a lot, and then after that just having the option of pain relief was comforting.

All's well that ends well. Baby had 1/5 minute Apgars of 8/9, mom had minimal tearing (not even a 1st degree), and they're breastfeeding really well. Three days after the baby was born, they moved to another city so dad could start a new job - I wish them all the best on their new adventure, and thank them for letting me share in their happy day. (-:

A weekend wedding, and a conversation about c-sections

My fiance took me to a wedding this weekend; one of his childhood friends got married, and there were a lot of old friends from his hometown there. I got to meet some very nice people, including a couple who are high school sweethearts, got married several years ago and have had two sons in the past few of years. The conversation turned to birth (surprise, surprise), and these two little boys' petite, dark-haired mom with a perfect figure and complexion told me she "had to have two c-sections."

I nodded slowly, thoughtfully, and asked, "If it's not too personal to talk about, why did you chose surgery?" Here's what she said.

"During my first pregnancy, my doctor said, with my family history (my mom and my sisters both had to have c-sections with all of their children), that my baby wouldn't descend. I'm just too small, and so are the other women in my family.

Care providers sometimes diagnose moms with a small pelvis, known in medical terms as cephalopelvic disproportion. CP is listed in the A Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth (Oxford University Press, 2000); Table 5 of this well-respected publication on maternal care states that "diagnosing cephalopelvic disproportion without ensuring adequate uterine contractions" is a form of care "likely to be ineffective or harmful."

Diagnostic tests, such as an ultrasound, are used to calculate the approximate size of the fetus, and care providers compare these approximations to the size of the mother's pelvis (usually also an approximation, since most women don't have x-rays of their pelvises done before becoming pregnant and x-rays are no longer used while mothers are carrying a child due to negative health implications of exposing a developing baby to radiation). Effective Care's authors go on to state in chapter 12, page 83, "...controlled trials show that routine ultrasound measurement of fetal size in late pregnancy results in an increased rate of antenatal hospital admission, and possibly of induction of labor, with no evidence of substantive benefit to the baby."

If a 'small pelvis' is one side of the coin, the other side is 'big baby,' also called macrosomia. By medical definition, a macrosomic fetus is one which weighs more than 4,000 grams, or 8 pounds and 13 ounces. But there's a problem with the macrosomia diagnosis, too - research says, "[Care providers'] ability to predict macrosomia is poor [and] management policy of suspected macrosomic pregnancies raises induction of labor and cesarean delivery rates without improving maternal or fetal outcome."

"My doctor scheduled my c-section on my due date. When she, my doctor I mean - well, when she cut me open, sorry to be so indelicate about it, but I guess that's what happened - she said after the birth that my son was really high inside me. She said, 'There's no way he would have descended - he would never have come down so it's a good thing you chose the operation.' I guess it's a good thing I knew my family history, you know? That way, I was able to tell my OB, and everything worked out for the better."

During the third trimester, baby is carried higher in the body, to the point where mom's diaphragm is unable to pull down as far as it can when she's not pregnant and taking a deep breath can be difficult. One of the things a mom's body does in preparation for labor is allow the baby to descend. Simply put, if a baby hasn't descended at all, then mom's body hasn't initiated this particular part of the process of labor preparation, and baby isn't ready to be born.

In labor, some moms experience arrest of descent, when the baby stop its birthing progress and labor slows or stalls. Usually arrested descent happens because the baby isn't positioned well; and most of the time, helping mom change positions or move around causes the baby to re-situate and continue being born. However, I think it's worth noting that arrest of labor isn't applicable until a mother is actually in labor. If a c-section is performed before labor begins, there's no labor to diagnose as arrested.

I would like to say that the experience of the mom I spoke with was an uncommon one, but in fact, the exact opposite is true. The World Health Organization recommends a c-section rate of between 10%-15%; but the U.S. national c-section rate is around 1 in 3 women.
Jill at The Unnecesarean put it like this:

One of the results of this mass over-diagnosis of labor dystocia is that many women are left feeling inadequate about their bodies, telling friends “I’m just not good at birth” or “My babies just don’t descend on their own” or “My labors just don’t keep going on their own without Pitocin.” While it may be true in some cases and I refrain from passing judgment about individual situations, I remain highly skeptical that labor dystocia is the epidemic that obstetricians are making it out to be by operating so frequently.

I asked mom why she chose a c-section for her second baby, and she said her doctor advised her that a trial of labor after having a c-section for a previous child would result in uterine rupture. The second baby was another scheduled c-section, just like the first. This is fairly routine; many care providers are hesitant, if not outrightly opposed, to a mother attempting to vaginally birth another baby after having one by c-section due to a risk of uterine rupture. It's up to the mother and her care provider to weigh these types of risks, so I like to make sure my clients know that research says "[the] risk of losing the baby because of a scar rupture is in the range of 1-4 per 10,000."

Mom was very intrigued that I'm a birth doula. All of the research I've studied flitted through my heard while we talked, but instead of voicing what I know from books, I shared some of my experiences attending moms who chose vaginal birth. She said, somewhat wistfully, "I'm not unhappy with either of my births, but... I'll always wonder what it feels like, you know...to give birth the usual way." I said maybe she could try for a third, and she smiled, and her husband laughed - both of them had a hopeful gleam in their eyes.

We turned the subject to the joys of raising children, and left childbirth topics behind, but I think our conversation sparked something. Later, as we were leaving the reception and saying our goodbyes, mom gave me a deep and thoughtful look. One never really knows which butterfly wingbeat will incite the monsoon on the other side of the world - maybe I was part of an important moment in their lives. I hope I was able to pass on a sense of empowerment to this mom during our conversation while also respecting her feelings of satisfaction about her birth experiences.